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A sector under the spotlight: what recent cases in Romania and at the EU level signal for pharma compliance
Competition and regulatory authorities across Europe are showing renewed vigilance toward the pharmaceutical sector—a field shaped by the intersection of competition law, regulatory frameworks, consumer protection, and IP. Recent cases illustrate that investigations in this area are increasingly complex and precedent driven, offering valuable guidance on how authorities assess commercial behaviour. Sun Wave Pharma case – the Romanian Competition Council unveils unfair competition practices In May 2025, the Romanian Competition Council (“RCC”) announced the conclusion of its investigation into Sun Wave Pharma S.R.L., a major player in the food supplements market in Romania. The inquiry focused on allegations
Kinstellar advises Integral Capital Group on the acquisition of a majority stake in IVF clinic Calla, via its subsidiary Embryos
Kinstellar has advised Integral Capital Group, a leading private equity firm in Central and Eastern Europe, on the acquisition of a majority stake in Calla Clinic, an in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic in Oradea, Romania, through its subsidiary Embryos. The acquisition is part of Embryos’ regional expansion strategy, which includes the opening of a satellite clinic in Buzau and the acquisition of Adella Clinic in Sofia, Bulgaria earlier this year. Integral Capital Group acquired a majority stake in Embryos in February 2025, enhancing the group’s position in the rapidly growing fertility services market in Romania and Southeast Europe. Calla Clinic has been operating in Oradea for over 13 years, offering a
Competition Law Update in Romania: Q3 2025
The Romanian Competition Council (“RCC”) remained highly active throughout the third quarter of 2025, advancing its enforcement and policy agenda across multiple fronts. Highlights include the adoption of Romania’s first foreign direct investment (“FDI”) guidelines, the launch of a public consultation on urban utility approvals, and intensified merger control and antitrust activity across the telecom, retail and agribusiness sectors. These efforts are reinforcing the RCC’s commitment to safeguarding competition in strategically important markets. I. Latest Updates FDI Guidelines On the FDI screening front, Romania adopted its first set of investment screening guidelines (“FDI Guidelines”)
Romania: Mid-year Competition Law Update
The second quarter of 2025 marked a dynamic period for competition law in Romania, driven by significant legislative developments, a surge in merger activity, and the launch of several new investigations. In this Competition Law Update, we highlight the key developments and explore their potential implications for the remainder of the year. Latest Updates Legal privilege-related amendments to Romanian Competition Law As of 26 June 2025, the Romanian Competition Council (“RCC”) operates under updated procedural rules concerning the treatment of communications claimed to be protected by legal professional privilege (“LPP”) during dawn raids. These changes stem from the enactment of Law No. 111/2025
Category Management Agreements: Belgian Competition Authority issues landmark decision in cartel case involving anti-competitive arrangements for the placement of OTC medicines in pharmacies
On 24 April 2025, the Belgian Competition Authority (“BCA”) announced that it had imposed fines totalling EUR 11.2 million on pharmaceutical companies Johnson & Johnson, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Haleon. The sanctions were issued following a settlement in a case concerning anti-competitive practices linked to category management agreements for over-the-counter (“OTC”) medicines. According to the European Commission Guidelines on Vertical Restraints, category management agreements are agreements whereby a distributor delegates to a supplier (the so-called “category captain”) the responsibility for marketing an entire category of products. While such agreements are generally considered unproblematic, the Guidelines
Dive into the latest competition law updates in Romania
In the first quarter of 2025, the Romanian Competition Council (“RCC”) published several significant decisions, launched new investigations, and imposed fines in cases involving abuse of dominant position, price coordination, and other anticompetitive practices. 1. New FDI Guidelines In February the RCC published the draft FDI guidelines (the “Guidelines”), which were up for public consultation until mid-March. The Guidelines aim to clarify the method for the calculation of the investment value in different types of transactions, such as share deals, share capital contributions, multi-jurisdictional transactions, or in case of a loan or financing by an investor. Furthermore, the Guidelines clarify
Kinstellar's Regional 2024 Competition Review and 2025 Outlook: Key insights and trends
We are excited to release the first edition of Kinstellar's Regional 2024 Competition Review and 2025 Outlook: Key insights and trends. This report provides an overview of the latest developments in competition law across our jurisdictions, highlighting key regulatory updates, enforcement trends, major fines, merger control decisions, foreign direct investment (FDI) screening developments, and upcoming legislative changes, among others. Competition authorities across the region—Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan—are intensifying their scrutiny of anti-competitive practices, strengthening enforcement efforts, and refining national competition